第3部分 (第2/6页)

mployed are to soar to 15 million。

新闻片旁白:私人建筑业事实上已经中止;工厂停产;铁路运输陷入事实上的停顿状态。成百万美国人-男人、妇女和孩子-在寒风中等待分配救济品。三百万人失业,这个数字很快飞涨到一千五百万。

Onscreen title: Europe; 1931

字幕标题:欧洲,1931年

NARRATOR: Banks collapsed。 Industry ground to a stop。 Millions were out of work。 In Britain; working men; many of them war veterans; marched the length of the country to petition the government for the simple "right to work。" In Italy; Spain; and Germany; they marched to a different drum。 With the failure of capitalism; fascism cast its shadow ever wider。 John Maynard Keynes saw his nightmare ing true。

旁白:银行倒闭;工厂停工;上百万人失业。工人-他们中的许多人是参加过战争的老兵-在全国范围内举行示威游行,向政府要求“工作的权力”。而意大利、西班牙和德国的游行则发展到另一种不同的结果。随着资本主义的失败,法西斯主义扩大了它的影响。John Maynard Keynes看到他的梦魇正在变成事实。

In Cambridge; Keynes set out to save capitalism from itself by writing a book about what caused the Great Depression and what to do about it。 He aimed to rewrite the rules of economics; to see a country's economy as a whole; as a machine that could be managed。

在剑桥,凯恩斯通过撰写一部关于大萧条的原因及应该如何应付它的著作开始从资本主义制度本身寻求拯救之道。

ROBERT SKIDELSKY: Keynes was the real inventor of macroeconomics。 Concepts we take for granted today; like gross domestic product; the level of unemployment; the rate of inflation; all to do with general features of the economy; were invented by him。

ROBERT SKIDELSKY:凯恩斯是宏观经济学的真正创始人。我们今天认为理所当然的一些概念,例如国内生产总值、失业水平、通货膨胀率等所有用来刻画经济总体特性的指标,都是他提出来的。

GEOFFREY HARCOURT: He was writing a book which he thought would revolutionize the way we thought about economic systems。 It would also give us the means to make sure they operated better。

GEOFFREY HARCOURT:他认为他正在撰写的这部著作将使我们考虑经济体系的方式发生革命性的变化。它还将告诉我们如何让经济运行得更好。

ROBERT SKIDELSKY: It was written against the background of not onl

本章未完,点击下一页继续阅读。