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Every license; every permit; was procured by corrupt means。

印度财政部长(1996…1998) P。 CHIDAMBARAM:每张执照,每个许可证都是通过腐败的行为获得的。

INTERVIEWER: A bribe?

记者:您是指贿赂?

P。 CHIDAMBARAM: Well; "bribe" is the simpler word; I suppose。

P。 CHIDAMBARAM:哦,我想“贿赂”还只是较轻的字眼。

NARRATOR: Self…sufficiency was India's ideal。 To protect its own manufacturing industry; India shut out foreign imports。

旁白:自给自足是印度的理想,为保护它自己的制造业,印度禁止从国外进口。

P。 CHIDAMBARAM: Because of this protected market; the Indian people were being given shoddy goods and services at very high prices。 Enterprise was stifled; and growth was crippled。

P。 CHIDAMBARAM:由于这样的保护性市场,印度人只能以高昂的价格获得低等的商品和服务,企业缺乏生机,经济增长陷入泥潭。

JAIRAM RAMESH; Indian Government Advisor; 1991…1998: The economic environment was simply not conducive to efficiency or profitability。 We were in a shortage economy。 My father waited 15 years to buy a car。

印度政府顾问(1991…1998)JAIRAM RAMESH:很明显,经济环境不利于提高效率和盈利,我们是一个短缺经济。我父亲买一辆汽车排队等了15年时间。

NARRATOR: Take India's beloved Ambassador car。 It is made by Hindustan Motors; which started manufacturing in the same year as Japan's Toyota。 Fifty years later; Toyota makes five million cars a year。 Hindustan sells 18;000 Ambassadors; and still to the same design。

旁白:以印度最受欢迎的“大使” (Ambassador)牌汽车为例,这款汽车是由印度汽车公司(Hindustan Motors)制造的,与日本的丰田(Toyota)同时期投入的生产,50年后,丰田(Toyota)公司年产汽车500万辆,而印度汽车公司(Hindustan Motors)的年销量只有18000辆,而且款式设计仍然与50年前一样。

MANMOHAN SINGH; Finance Minister; 1991…1996: If you have a controlled economy; cut off from the rest of the world by infinite protection; nobody has any incentive to; in a way。。。 nobody has any incentive to increase productivity; to bring new ideas。

财政部长(1991…1996) 买买汗。辛格(Manmohan Singh):在管制经济中,通过一系列无穷无尽的保护,把自己与

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